Food-grade CO₂ Liquefaction Equipment
Introduction
The food grade CO₂ liquefaction device is a specialized equipment that converts high-purity CO₂ gas purified by front-end purification into low-temperature liquid products through refrigeration and compression. It is the final critical process in the CO₂ recovery process, which directly determines the form of the final product, the economy of storage and transportation, and the market value.
Basic operating principle
Its core is a process of physical refrigeration and compression phase transition, which does not involve chemical reactions:
Gas pretreatment and compression
High purity, dry CO₂ gas from the front-end purification system (such as brewing recovery, petrochemical recovery) is first compressed to liquefaction pressure (usually 1.6-2.5 MPa) by an oil-free compressor.
Pre cooling and purification
The compressed high-temperature gas is cooled by a cooler and may undergo final purification through activated carbon adsorbers to ensure no residual odors.
Deep refrigeration and liquefaction
The gas enters the main liquefier (usually a shell and tube or plate fin heat exchanger) and exchanges heat with refrigerants (such as R744, ammonia, and Freon). The temperature drops to -20 °C to -25 °C. At this temperature and pressure, CO₂ undergoes a phase change and liquefies.
Flash evaporation and storage
Liquefied CO₂ enters the flash evaporation tank through a throttle valve, releasing a small amount of non condensable gas (such as residual N₂, O₂), and finally obtaining high-purity liquid CO₂, which is transported to an insulated storage tank for storage.
Parameter Specifications
|
Processing power |
Liquefaction pressure |
Liquefaction temperature |
product purity |
Key energy consumption indicators |
Final product form |
|
100 – 10,000 kg/h |
1.6 –2.5 MPa(G) |
-20℃ ~ -25℃ |
≥99.9% (v/v) |
Electricity consumption for liquefaction: 80-150 kWh/ton of liquid CO₂ |
Atmospheric pressure low-temperature liquid |
(For Reference Only)
The economic benefits that can be brought
Value enhancement benefits
1. Product form premium: Liquid CO₂ is easy to sell and transport, and its commodity value is much higher than that of gas. Food grade liquid CO₂ can be sold 50% -100% higher than industrial grade gases.
2. Market flexibility: Liquid products can be conveniently supplied to geographically dispersed small and medium-sized customers (such as beverage and food factories), expanding the sales radius.
Cost saving benefits
1. Significantly reduce transportation costs: Under the same weight, the transportation cost of liquid tank trucks is only one-third to one-half of that of high-pressure gas bundle trucks.
2. Reduce storage costs: The unit storage cost of large low-temperature liquid storage tanks is much lower than that of high-pressure gas storage tanks.
Main components
Gas compression module
① Oil free lubricated compressor: Ensuring that the gas is not contaminated by lubricating oil is crucial for food grade production.
② Inter stage cooler and separator.
01
Purification and drying module
① Precision filter: removes particles.
② Adsorption dryer (such as molecular sieve): Ensure that the dew point of the intake air is ≤ -60 ℃ to prevent ice blockage.
02
Refrigeration and liquefaction module (core)
① Refrigeration compressor: provides power for the refrigeration cycle.
② Main liquefaction heat exchanger: the core location where CO₂ gas undergoes phase change in heat exchange with refrigerant.
③ Throttle valve and flash tank: used for pressure reduction and removal of non condensable gases.
03
Storage and filling module
① Liquid CO₂ storage tank: vacuum powder insulation to maintain low temperature.
② Filling pump and metering system: used for filling tank trucks or steel cylinders.
04
Control and Safety Module
① Automatic control system: regulate pressure, temperature, and liquid level.
② Safety valves and rupture discs: ensure overpressure safety.
05
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